INTRODUCTION
A complex number is a number comprising area land imaginary part. It
can be written in the form a+ib, where a and b are real numbers, and i
is the standard imaginary unit with the property i2=-1. The complex
numbers contain the ordinary real numbers, but extend them by adding in
extra numbers and correspondingly expanding the understanding of
addition and multiplication.
HISTORY OF COMPLEX NUMBERS:
Complex numbers were first conceived and defined by the Italian
mathematician Gerolamo Cardano, who called them "fictitious", during his
attempts to find solutions to cubic equations. This ultimately led to
the fundamental theorem of algebra, which shows that with complex
numbers, a solution exists to every polynomial equation of degree one or
higher. Complex numbers thus form an algebraically closed field, where
any polynomial equation has a root.
The rules for addition, subtraction and multiplication of complex
numbers were developed by the Italian mathematician Rafael Bombelli. A
more abstract formalism for the complex numbers was further developed by
the Irish mathematician William Rowan Hamilton.
COMPLEX NUMBER INTERPRETATION:
A number in the form of x+iy where x and y are real numbers and i = -1 is called a complex number.
Let z = x+iy
X is called real part of z and is denoted by R (z)
Y is called imaginary part of z and is denoted by I (z)
